雅思 大作文怎么开头
在雅思写作中,一个好的开头段不仅抓住读者的注意力,引起阅读兴趣,亦要点明中心论点,统领全文, 其重要性可见一斑。下面是小编搜集整理的关于雅思大作文怎么开头的资料,欢迎查阅。
1General Statement
General Statement的主要作用是介绍写作背景,引入话题。
但是值得注意的是:不能照抄题目,应用同义词、近义词替换题目中的相关词语,
并用不同的句子结构来改写题目中的句子结构。例如:
Example 1:
It is widely believed that mothers are by nature better parents than fathers. It is therefore more important for mothers to spend time with children than fathers. Others think fathers make equally good parents. What is your opinion?
在这个题目中,首先我们可以看到题干表述用了三个句子,首先我们要区分哪句是general statement, 哪句是arguments. 其实很容易发现,通常句中间有明显阐述观点表达的,就是arguments, 而做客观陈述的就是general statement,其位置一般是题目的第一句。上题中 It is widely believed that mothers are by nature better parents than fathers, 就是我们要拿来做同义改写,放到我们开头段作为背景的句子。同义改写可以采取以下技巧:
1 同义句型转换。
如 It is widely believed that… 这个句套表达某事情是众所周的,它有很多同义句型,如 It is generally assumed that…, Common knowledge is that…, 等。
2 同义词,近义词,同义结构转换。
如by nature 这个介词词组表达的含义是,自然天性上的,在原句中作为be动词的表语,我们可以改写为一个同义名词词组,nurturing instinct,自然天性的意思。相应的,前面的谓语动词要发生变化,搭配have。
3 造并列结构。
有的时候我们可能发现原题中的表述无论词语还是句型都不是很轻易的可以找出同义结构出来,那么我们可以采取并列结构,即并列两个近义词语义,或者反义词再加否定结构。
上题中的better parents than 可以改为 better or less dispensable parents than
通过上面的三个步骤,我们就可以成功的将原题的背景句改写为我们开头段的general statement。
原题:It is widely believed that mothers are by nature better parents than fathers.
改写完后:It is generally assumed that women have a ‘nurturing instinct’that somehow makes them better or less dispensable parents than fathers are.
General Statement常用句型:
With the development of science and technology, great changes have taken place in…in the past few years. (虽常用,但已被滥用,建议减少使用)
Along with the increasingly rapid _____________, more problems are brought to our attention.
The issue of whether or not __________ has been widely/ heatedly/ debated currently/recently.
When it comes to whether …, some… are strongly against it, claiming….
It is generally accepted/ It is indeed the case that most countries have seen an increase in _______ over recent years.
2Argument(争议)
Argument即为题目表述的观点的立场,不同题目的立场表述大有不同。
(1)有的题目中只有一个立场
e.g. Countries with a long average working time are more economically successful than those countries which do not have a long working time. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
在我们写的开头段,在写完general statement后,直接用One point is that…把原题的立场(countries with a long average working time are more economically successful than those countries which do not have a long working time) 同义转述即可。
值得注意的是,这个题目本身没有背景句,所以写general statement的时候,需要我们根据题目的argument进行总结。
亦或者可以general statement 和argument这两个部分合并为一个部分,
这个题目可写成:The issue of whether or not countries with a long average working hours are more successful in terms of economic development than those countries which do not have a long working time has been heatedly debated currently. As far as I am concerned, …
(2)有的题目中包含两个互相否定或者相关的立场
e.g. Some scientists think it is very soon that computers will be more intelligent than human. Some people think it is a positive development, while others think it is a negative development. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
e.g. Some people think the best way to reduce crimes is to give longer prison sentence. Others,however, think there are better alternative ways to reduce crime. Discuss and give your opinion.
这样的题目,在开头段写完general statement后,要把题目双方的立场都转述,不可减少或删除一方立场。
如 Some people think it is a positive development, while others think it is a negative development. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
可以转述为:Quite a few people claim that it has brought great benefits. On the other hand, those who think differently argue that it inevitably would has negative influence.