非谓语动词，顾名思义，即不能作句子的谓语用的动词，也称动词的非限定形式。主要分为动词不定式，现在分词，过去分词和动名词四种，非谓语动词也有动词的特征，可有自己的状语和宾语。下面是
英语非谓语动词用法入门，大家一起来看看吧!
英语非谓语动词用法入门：
一、动词不定式(The Infinitive)
动词不定式是动词的一种非限定形式，有加“to”和省to两种形式，可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语，宾语补足语、状语等成份。
1、动词不定式作主语。
To get an Injection is a little painful.
To complain too much isn’t a good thing.
注：(1)不定式作主语，整个结构看成一个整体，谓语用单数形式，还可用it作形式主语而把不定式放于句末，保持句子平衡。如
It takes me two hours to finish my English homework.
It’s difficult to Learn English Well.
(2)不定式作主语有两种特殊结构，一般认为是由for 或of引导其逻辑主语，如
It’s important for us learn a foreign language.
It’s difficult for us to finish it on time.
It’s kind /good/nice of you to help me.
It’s clever /foolish/polite/careful/careless of you to do that.
2、动词不定式作表语。
My job is to feed animals.
Our duty is to keep the classroom clean and tidy.
His wish is to become a singer.
3、动词不定式作宾语
He wants to borrow a book from me.
I hope to see my pen friend as soon as possible.
Children love to play games.
I found it difficult to get on with him.(it为形式宾语，真正宾语为不定式)
注：不定式有时与疑问句where, how, what, which, when, who 等连用，作动词的宾语。
如： What to do
I don’t know How to do it
Where to go
When to set off
Which one to choose
Who to ask
He gave a talk on how to study English Well.
4、不定式作定语
Would you like something to drink /to read/to eat?
I have a lot of homework to do.
I have something important to tell you.
5、不定式作宾语补足语。分省“to”和加“to”两种。
I told him to do it himself.(加to)
He asked me to buy some oranges for him.(加to)
We didn’t expect him to be the winner.(加to)
I often saw him go to the cinema last year.(省to)
Please let the boy come in.(省to)
The boss makes the workers work ten hours a day.(省to)
注：感观动词(see, watch, notice, hear, feel)和使役动词(have, let , make)后用省to不定式作宾补，但改成被动语态时，不定式前加to，宾语补语相应变成主语补语。
如;The workers are made to work ten hours a day.
6、作状语
They went to the shop to buy some school things.(目的状语)
My sister to young to go to school.(结果状语)
二、现在分词(The Present Participle)和过去分词(The Past Participle)
现在分词由动词加“ing”构成(构成方式略)表示主动或正在进行;过去分词由规则动词加“ed”或查不规则动词表，一般表示被动或动作已完成。分词主要起形容词和副词作用，可在句中作表语定语，状语、宾补等成份。
1、作表语
The news is exciting.
The result is amazing
The window is broken.
The door is locked.
2、作定语
Do you know the young man standing under the tree?
The woman wearing a red coat is my aunt.
I like to read books written by LuXun.
She asked Grandma to put a bookmark in each of the borrowed books.
Then we can see many dinosaurs discovered by you in the museums.
3、作状语
A lot of land has gone with the trees, leaving only sand.(结果)
They wake up their parents , calling “Merry Christmas”(伴随)
Given more time, I can finish the work myself.(条件)
4、作宾补
I hear a girl singing in the next room.
I’ll have my hair cut tomorrow.
We had our pictures taken in the middle of the square.
三、动名词(The Gerund)
在形式上，动名词与现在分词无法区别，但现在分词里一个动词性的形容词，而动名词则是一个动词性的名词，它具有名词的绝大多数特征，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾补等成份。
1、作主语
Seeing is believing.(眼见为实)
Selling computers to foreign countries is his job.
Picking apples is much better than having classes.
注：动名词作主语可与表语对调位置;有时也可用it作形式主语，而将动名词放于句末。如：
His job is selling computers to foreign countries.(主语与表语可互换)
It’s no use complaining about others.
2、作表语
His job is feeding animals.
The only thing that I want to do is sleeping.
3、作宾语，分为动词宾语与介词宾语两种。
Tom enjoys living in Beijing.
Have you finished reading that novel?
Would you mind my opening the door.
I often practice speaking English with foreigners.
Thank you for teaching us so well.
What about going fishing tomorrow?
注：有些动词后加不定式和动名词作宾语有两种截然不同的含义。
如：go on to do sth.(接着做另一件事)
go on doing sth.(继续做同一件事)
forget /remember to do sth.(记住或忘记去做某事，还未做)
forget /remember doing sth.(记住或忘记做过某事，事先已做过)
stop to do sth.(停下来做某事)
stop doing sth.(停止做某事)
4、作定语
a swimming pool 游泳池 a sleeping car 卧铺车厢
a reading room 阅览室 a walking stick 手杖
注：现在分词作定语与动名词作定语的不同之处在于：现在分词相当于一个定语从句的作用，可改成定语从句，而动名词相当于一个名词作定语，说明被修饰词的类别、功能或性质，不可以改成定语从句。
The sleeping child=the child who is sleeping
The woman talking with my father is my English teacher.
=The woman who is talking with my father is my English teacher.
非谓语动词所表示动词的基本特点：
在句子中不能作谓语的动词形式叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词有不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。动名词和现在分词的形式相同，可统称为动词的-ing形式;现在分词与过去分词在句中的作用相同，可统称为分词。
非谓语动词的总体用法特点是：不定式表示将来(谓语之后)的或具体的动作;动名词表示已完成的或一般的动作;现在分词表示主动和正在进行的动作;过去分词表示被动和完成的动作。如：
The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important. 明天要开的会议很重要。
The meeting being held now is very important. 现在正开的会议相当重要。
The meeting held yesterday is very important. 昨天开的会议相当重要。
非谓语动词用作宾语补足语的重要知识点：
1. 在感官动词(feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have)后，要用不带 to 的不定式作宾补。但在这些动词的被动式(如果可以变为被动式的话)后用作主语补足语的不定式要带 to。
He made me work 12 hours a day. 他要我每天工作12小时。
I was made to work 12 hours a day. 每天要我工作12小时。
记忆方法：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, have, make)、四看(see, look at, watch, notice)。
2. 在下列动词后用作宾语补足语的非谓语动词用不定式，即用于 vt. + sb / sth + to do sth 的形式：
advise 建议 allow 允许 ask 叫，请 bear 忍受
beg 乞求 cause 导致 command 命令 encourage 鼓励
expect 期待 forbid 禁止 force 迫使 get 使
hate 讨厌 help 帮助 intend 想要 invite 邀请
leave 让 like 喜欢 mean 打算 need 需要
oblige 迫使 order 命令 permit 允许 persuade 说服
prefer 宁愿 request 请求 remind 提醒 teach 教
tell 告诉 trouble 麻烦 want 想要 warn 警告
wish 希望 wait for 等 would like 想要
would love 想要 would prefer 宁愿
注：(1) 在 help 后作宾补的不定式带不带 to 均可。
(2) 但 fear, excuse, refuse, insist, hope, suggest, agree, decide, demand, thank, arrange 等动词后不可接 sb to do sth。
3. 用非谓语动词作宾语补足语的常用结构：
(1) have sb do sth使某人做某事
(2) have sb doing sth 使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中
(3) have sth done 请人做某事，遭受某事
(4) catch sb doing sth 抓住(碰上)某人在做某事
(5) feel sth / sb doing sth 感觉某人或某物在做某事
(6) find sb / sth doing sth 发现某人或某物在做某事
(7) keep sb / sth doing sth 使某人或某物不停地做某事
(8) start sb doing sth 使某人开始做某事
(9) send sb to do sth 派(叫)某人去做某事。如：
(10) send sb / sth doing sth 使某人或某物迅速做某事
(11) leave sb to do sth 让某人去做某事
(12) leave sb doing sth 让某人做某事(处于做某事的状态中)
(13) set sb to do sth 使某人做某事
(14) set sb (sth) doing sth 使某人或某物开始做某事
4. 非谓语动词作宾补的一个原则：当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用不定式或现在分词;当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是被动关系时，用过去分词，或用不定式、现在分词的被动式。
非谓语动词作宾语需要注意的若干重点：
1. 通常接不定式而不接动名词作宾语的动词：
afford 负担得起 agree 同意 arrange 安排 ask 要求
care 想要 choose 决定 decide 决定 demand 要求
determine 决心 expect 期待 fail 未能 help 帮助
hesitate 犹豫 hope 希望 long 渴望 manage 设法
offer 主动提出 plan 计划 prepare 准备 pretend 假装
promise 答应 refuse 拒绝 want 想要 wish希望
would like 想要 should like 想要 would prefer 宁愿
2. 通常接动名词而不接不定式作宾语的动词：
admit 承认 advise 建议 allow 允许 appreciate 感激
avoid 避免 consider 考虑 delay 推迟 deny 否认
discuss 讨论 dislike 不喜欢 enjoy 喜爱 escape 逃脱
excuse 原谅 fancy 设想 finish 完成 forbid 禁止
forgive 原谅 give up 放弃 imagine 想像 include 包括
keep 保持 mention 提及 mind 介意 miss 没赶上
pardon 原谅 permit 允许 practise 练习 prevent 阻止
prohibit 禁止 report 报告 risk 冒险 stop 停止
can’t stand 不能忍受 burst out 突然开始
feel like 想要 insist on 坚持
put off 推迟 give up 放弃
3. 接不定式和接 -ing 形式意义不同的动词：
remember to do 记住去做 remember doing 记得做过
forget to do 忘记去做 forget doing 忘记做过
regret to do 遗憾地做 regret doing 后悔做了
try to do 设法做 try doing 试做
go on to do 接着做另一事 go on doing 继续做同一事
mean to do 打算做 mean doing 意味着
stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停止做
can’t help to do 不能帮助做 can’t help doing 情不自禁做
4. 可接不定式和动名词且含义相同的动词：
like 喜欢 love 喜欢 hate 憎恨 prefer 宁可
begin 开始 start 开始 continue 继续 can’t bear
bother 麻烦 intend 想要 attempt 试图 cease 停止
注：
(1) 当 like, love, hate, prefer 与 would, should 连用时，其后只能接不定式。
(2) 当 begin, start 本身为进行时态或后接 know, realize, understand 等静态动词时，其后的动词只能用不定式。
5. 其他注意点：
(1) 表示“需要”的 need, want 和 require 后接 -ing 形式的主动形式或不定式的被动式都可以。如：
Your hair needs cutting [to be cut]. 你的头发该理了。
The room wants cleaning [to be cleaned]. 这房间需要打扫了。
(2) 介词后接动词作宾语，通常要用动名词，但表示“除…外”的介词 but 和 except 后接动词作宾语要用不定式。若前面有行为动词 do，其后的不定式不带 to;若前面没有行为动词 do，则其后的不定式通常带 to。如：
There’s little we can do except wait. 除了等待我们没有什么办法。
It had no effect except to make him angry. 除惹他生气外，没产生任何效果。
